Abstract
Objectives: a correct identification of all the mineralogical phases present in a urinary stone in order to establish the right treatment. This study aims at improving the recently proposed classification scheme by adding a new type of mixed stone.
Methods: The urinary stones used in the present study were collected from the Basilicata inhabitants hospitalized in the San Carlo Hospital in Potenza (southern Italy). These urinary stones were either expelled naturally or obtained by surgical procedures. The structural and mineralogical compositions were examined on a macroscopic scale by optical and scanning electron microscopy and on a nanometric scale by X-ray powder diffraction.
Results and Conclusions: An X-ray diffraction phase quantification revealed that all the stones studied were composed of calcium oxalate dehydrate (CaC2O4*2H2O, weddellite) and magnesium ammonium phosphate hydrate (MgNH4PO4*6H2O, struvite). This type of mixed stone is not present in the latest classification scheme suggested. Many authors have classified urinary stones, but unclassified urinary stones will always be found and this is the case.
Keywords
urinary stones, classification, new type, mineralogy
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This is one of only two papers of the run preserved with their full text; the other is the systematic review on orthotopic diversion in women. The PDF that Full Text once pointed to went offline with the platform, as the page on this publishing system explains. It appeared in Vol 1, No 2 (2012), and the classification it proposes is cited on the Italian page about calcoli renali.
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